The problem of Industrial Pollution in Taiwan
Based
on the results of investigations done in 1985 and
the census of industry and commerce carried out in
1986, the EPB released a report in January 1987. It
said that the annual amount of enterprise waste was
28 million metric tons, which was five times as large
as ordinary waste, and of which 2.9 million metric
tons were hazardous. The top three waste producing
industries were wood and bamboo products (7,510 metric
tons per day), basic metals (6,651 metric tons per
day) and food processing (5,567 metric tons per day).
The top three administration areas were Taoyuan County
(8,162 metric tons per day), Kaohsiung City) 7,349
metric tons per day), and Taipei County (6,870 metric
tons per day).
The EPB proposed both
short- and long-term measures of control. The short-term
program started from 1988 to 1991, with guidance provided
for the establishment of private and public agencies
to engage in enterprise waste disposal. Plans were
also drawn up solving urgent problems related to polyclorobiphenyl
pollutant, sludge, and hospital waste. In the long-term
program carried out from 1991 to 1997, disposal grounds
for the ordinary enterprise waste were built and a
recycle system of the enterprise waste was established.
(Lien-ho pao, 1987/01/11/3; Chung-yang jih-pao, 1987/01/20/3;
Liu Wei-cheng, 1988: 64; Lo Shang-lien, 1990: 1)
Because most Taiwanese
enterprises are small- and medium- sized and they
could not afford to set up waste disposal facilities,
the EPB therefore suggested that public and private
disposal agencies be established to help solve the
problem of improper disposal. It was planned to set
up a public center for disposal of hazardous enterprise
waste. This center would provide a station to collect
and transfer the waste, facilities for primary test,
storage, incinerator, physical and chemical disposal,
final disposal, and other necessary equipment.
In regards to providing
guidance to private agencies, two directions of development
were taken. First, waste disposal grounds would be
set up at the industrial districts. This could help
reduce transport costs and avoid accidents during
the transportation on the one hand and solve the problem
of protests from the local people on the other hand.
Second, enterprises that produced the same kind of
waste were coordinated to invest in establishing common
private disposal agencies to take care of the disposal
job. As for the reusable enterprise waste, the EPB
also planned to provide guidance for establishing
recycling factories and to set up a waste exchange
system. (Chung-kuo shih-pao, 1997/04/14/3)
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